A 25-year-old female presents to A&E with a 12-hour history of right iliac fossa pain, nausea, and a low-grade fever. How would you assess and manage this patient?
- What this tests: Structured approach to a common acute surgical presentation; awareness of a broad differential in a young woman (appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian pathology, Crohn's disease, mesenteric adenitis); the critical importance of a pregnancy test; appropriate investigation and escalation.
- This question also tests your ability to manage diagnostic uncertainty - the diagnosis is not always clear-cut.
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How to approach this Surgery interview question
This clinical question is common in Surgery NHS interviews because it reveals how you think under interview pressure, not just what facts you can recall. Use "A 25-year-old female presents to A&E with a 12-hour history of right iliac fossa pain,..." as the anchor for a concise answer with a clear opening, a clinical or professional structure, and a reflective close.
What the panel is testing
A strong clinical answer sounds safe before it sounds clever. Use a structure such as initial assessment, immediate management, differential diagnosis, escalation, and reassessment. Mention guidelines only where they help the decision in front of you. For surgery, connect operative or peri-operative decision-making with patient safety. Consent, escalation, theatre priorities, post-operative complications, and clear communication with seniors often matter.
- Start with immediate safety, ABCDE assessment, senior support, and escalation thresholds.
- Name the likely diagnoses or risks, but show how you would keep reassessing as new information arrives.
- Close with documentation, handover, follow-up, and patient or family communication where relevant.
How to structure your answer
For a clinical prompt, aim for a short opening sentence, then two or three evidence-led points, then a final reflection. If you use STAR, keep the result and reflection as strong as the situation. If it is a clinical scenario, say what you would do now, what you would do next, and how you would keep the patient safe while help is coming.
- Open by naming the main issue in the question.
- Give a structured response rather than a memorised script.
- End with escalation, documentation, learning, or follow-up.
Common mistakes to avoid
The weakest answers usually stay too vague, ignore the specific role, or miss the safety issue hidden in the question. Do not use this page to memorise a perfect paragraph. Use it to rehearse the shape of a safe answer, then adapt it to your own experience and the post you are applying for.
- What this tests: Structured approach to a common acute surgical presentation; awareness of a broad differential in a young woman (appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian pathology, Crohn's disease, mesenteric adenitis); the critical importance of a pregnancy test; appropriate investigation and escalation.
- This question also tests your ability to manage diagnostic uncertainty - the diagnosis is not always clear-cut.